Which of the following strategies can directly improve a student's fluency?

Extended silent reading is a strategy that can significantly enhance a student's fluency because it allows learners to engage with text at their own pace, build reading stamina, and develop greater familiarity with language patterns, vocabulary, and text structure. During extended silent reading, students immerse themselves in reading for longer periods, which helps them process words and phrases more automatically. As a result, their decoding skills improve, which is a critical component of fluency.

Moreover, silent reading encourages students to focus on comprehension without the pressure of vocalizing their thoughts. This practice allows them to take ownership of their reading journey and become more confident in their abilities. By repeatedly encountering words and sentence structures during extended reading sessions, students can improve their speed and accuracy, ultimately leading to better fluency in their reading skills.