Identify a common barrier to literacy achievement in struggling readers.

Limited vocabulary or background knowledge is a significant barrier to literacy achievement in struggling readers because it directly impacts their ability to comprehend texts. When readers encounter new words or concepts that they are unfamiliar with, it hampers their understanding and engagement with the material. A rich vocabulary and a strong foundation of background knowledge allow readers to make connections between what they read and what they already know, enhancing comprehension and retention. Furthermore, without sufficient vocabulary, students may struggle to express their thoughts and ideas effectively, which can lead to frustration and disinterest in reading overall. Addressing vocabulary development and background knowledge is essential for helping struggling readers improve their literacy skills and achieve greater success in reading.